On Nov. 16, 1845, the Republic of Texas concluded its last Indian treaty. The agreement marked the end of the Tehuacana Creek Councils, which began in the spring of 1843, when Jesse Chisholm, of later cattle-trail fame, helped convince a number of Indian groups, including the Caddos, Tawakonis, Delawares, Lipan Apaches and Tonkawas, to meet on Tehuacana Creek south of present-day Waco. President Sam Houston negotiated the final treaty with the Wacos, Tawakonis, Kichais and Wichitas.